Batterer Treatment Programs

internal power and especially banging has been identified as a figure out of aggression in the society for decades now. Even though, battering has been categorized as a criminal by the criminal justice system, its treatment has been handled differently from other courses of aggression. Over the past two decades, efforts confine been applied to cut across the problem of wife battering.The development of treatment programs has been rapid which has subsequently increase batterers right to programming. Battering is inevitably associated with family violence and the general societal violence.This means that the inhabitence of battering will continue unless the structures of power within the society is changed and thereby forbidding it. The change of the society alone is non enough to salute the problem of battering. In addition to this change, individual multiform in battering practices must also change (Mederos, 1999). The purpose of this account is whence to examine how the batterers can be changed. In particular, it aims at providing efficient treatment programs that can be applied to address the problem of battering.The subject examines the character references that have been played by criminal justice in addressing battering problem and the existing treatment comees that have been effectively applied to indemnification this air. Criminal justice system intervention to battering There exist a number of criminal justice responses to battering. However, battering has continued for long time due to the reluctance of the victims to report such cases to law enforcement agencies. There atomic number 18 a number of responses with regards to battering in the criminal justice state which argon triggered following reports of abuse.Arrest In the circumstance that it is proved beyond each reasonable doubt that an assault has been committed, then an arrest becomes mandatory. These mandatory arrests have significantly increased as reports of assault by v ictims of battering increase. However, some people have raised concerns about the forte of arrests in lessen recidivism. It has been reported by certain research studies that arrests can only order recidivism partly. This study has however been contracted arguing that effects of arrests on recidivism is limited.The confer over the effectiveness of arrests on recidivism will continue due to the insufficiency of consensus on its impacts. In particular, the ineffectiveness of this ascend has been witnessed in the slow prosecutions of batters, and thereby suggesting that these arrests argon not adequately accompanied by creeds. Arrests without an efficient conviction do not deter future incidences of battering (Rusen, 1992). Prosecution The play of arrests should be followed subsequently with immediate prosecution after charges have been best-loved against the batterer.In some cases, batterers may not be prosecuted but instead issued with res raising instructions. However, the effectiveness of arrests and prosecutions in deterring the future occurrence of battering has been questioned by some(prenominal) researchers. ample evidence has not been found to prove that prosecution of the offenders of battering reduces recidivism (Davis et al. , 1998). Sentencing Convicted batters be usually subjected to probations where they may be required to undergo treatment programs.It has been argued that it is out of the question to distinguish the chances of recidivism with regards to cases which results to null prosecution, probation and incarceration. On the other hand, subjective battering to probation where they are subjected to treatment programs has been found to reduce recidivism. The criminal justice system has therefore been identified to be deficient in dealing with recidivism. There has been no significant relationship between recidivism and the prospect of arrests and punishment.This means that batters are not deterred from engaging in future battering by the possibility of universe subjected to arrests and prosecution (Davis et al. , 1998). Approaches to batterers treatment programs There are several treatment programs in stock(predicate) for batterers ranging from theoretical methods to forms of treatment. These programs include the Duluth approach and a program commonly referred to as New Leaf. Against this introduction, several theoretical approaches are examined together with cardinal models necessary for the treatment of batterers.These programs have not been proven to decisively reduce recidivism. However, they form a strong basis for examining the appropriate treatment mechanisms. The Duluth Model This was a community based response that was developed in Minnesota and comprised of several batterer detection and prevention groupings within the society. This approach performed a coordinative role to the law enforcement agencies responsible for arrests, prosecution and batterer treatment programs. The batterers were sub jected to either imprisonment or probation under stringent guidelines.The activities of the batterer during this probation period were closely monitored. Such activities include attend to treatment programs. In addition, a close contact between the first mate of the batterer was maintained. In order to effectively respond to the problem of battering, prosecutorial agencies and the mental health institutions within the community closed worked as a unit. Thorough training was given to all the participants connoted in the treatment process on batters under this model in order to equip them with adequate familiarity to understand what was involved in their work (Mederos, 1999).Under the Duluth model, the work of the male group leading is not confined to interaction with the offenders of battering and their spouses. Part of their occupation includes accounting for physical abuse by passing information to the pertinent agencies. gibe to this model, disgraceful men usually use s everal shadowy arguments to justify and legitimize their behavior. interference programs involve a number of mental picture clips and team dialogue with the intention of guiding the batterer in understanding the fundamental mythical beliefs regarding battering and thereby aid them in envisioning and delimitate non-abusive behaviors.The process of envisioning was accompanied with clear guidelines involving negotiations illustrating the basis of behavior in open relationships (Mederos, 1999). New Leaf program This program was developed to address the concerns of shelter women in Nova Scotia. The basis of this approach was that the shelter women needed tending but the participation of shelter workers in this assistance was discouraged. As a result of this concern, males in the community intervened with the offenders of battering. This program involved and open group discussions which were organized weekly.The viewpoint of this program was that violence is feministic and a way of c ontrol. A thorough intake interview program was undertaken where the batterer was encouraged to change. The group leaders were in full control of the interview sessions and had an influential role in the lives of the batterers. The team leaders were constantly accessible to address the concerns of men and their spouses. Interventions included providing on-spot crisis resolution, visitation of offenders in prison, and unplanned visits to homes upon suspecting that there was danger of violence.However, these unannounced visits are not viewed as strange especially in the rural displace where it is the norm. This program had the advantage of intervening in juicy risk situations (Hanson & Whitman, 1995). theory-based approaches The general approach to the treatment of batterer can classified into psychological, feminist and socio-cultural. The traditional intervention mechanisms for batterers focused mainly on the influence of psychological factors on violence. The problem of batterin g has a psychological dimension as abusive men usually blame their partners for the problems they are experiencing such as first gear.The depression can therefore lead them into substance abuse. Batterer treatment should therefore involve psychotherapeutic models. The socio-cultural method assumes that the battering is influenced by learned behavior. According to this approach, battering is learned within the society as there are inequalities in wealth control as well as societal structures which are biased in defining gender roles and therefore encourages leniency to battering. Treatment should therefore emphasize on unlearning where the batterers are encouraged to view violence as an unacceptable behavior within the society.In addition, the involvement of men in battering has been found to be as a result of placement towards women. Intervention mechanisms should therefore include efforts in assisting batterers to change their attitudes. Feminist oriented batterer treatment strat egies view battering as a social and political. According to this theory, battering is a consistent pattern of economic and sexual abuse. This approach therefore suggests that interventions to battering should address to root causes of battering. The feminist strategy in addition focuses on addressing the gender imbalances which are responsible for violent behavior (Dutton, 1998).Conclusion Developing batterer treatment programs within the society is quite challenging. However, there are fundamental factors that have effectively and efficiently contributed the treatment of batterers. Any approach to batterer treatment should be developed with adequate knowledge which is capable of achieving high standards of integrity. Reference Davis, R. C. , Smith, B. E. , & Nickels, L. B. (1998). The deterrent effect of prosecuting domestic violence misdemeanors. Crime & evil 44(3), 434-442. Dutton, D. G. (1998). The abusive personality Violence and control in intimate relationships.New York The Guilford Press. Hanson, R. K. & Whitman, R. (1995). A rural, community action model for the treatment of abusive men. Canadian diary of Community Mental Health 14(1), 49-59. Mederos, F. (1999). Batterer intervention programs The past and future prospects. In M. F. Shepard & E. L. Pence, Coordinating community responses to domestic violence Lessons from Duluth and beyond. Thousand Oaks, CA able Publications. Rusen, M. F. (1992). Silencing their screams The legal systems response to male battering of women. capital of Canada National Association of Women and the Law.